Stainless Steel Grades
Austenitic Stainless Steel
Austenitic stainless steel, characterized by its high nickel content (over 8%) and a face-centered cubic crystal structure, stands out in the stainless steel family. This steel type combines excellent mechanical properties with superior corrosion resistance, making it a popular choice in environments where corrosion stability is a priority.
Super austenitic stainless steels, often grouped with super ferritic and super duplex varieties, are known for their enhanced composition, including significant molybdenum content (typically 6% or 7%). These grades are engineered specifically for demanding sectors like petrochemical, chemical, paper, and offshore industries, due to their robustness in harsh conditions.
Ferritic Stainless Steel
Ferritic stainless steels, are notable for their ferrite microstructure and body-centered cubic crystal structure. Unlike austenitic steels with face-centered cubic structures, ferritic steels are distinctly magnetic. These steels typically have a chromium content ranging from 10.5% to 27% and minimal to no nickel content, with a carbon content generally below 0.1%. The low carbon-chromium ratio ensures a stable microstructure across temperatures, meaning ferritic steel grades cannot be hardened by heat treatment but are suitable for cold working.
Martensitic Stainless Steel
Martensitic stainless steels, typically based on the 410-grade composition, combine iron, 12% chromium, and up to 1.2% carbon. Similar to ferritic steels, they have little to no nickel content. Common grades like 1Cr13 and 3Cr13 are either high or low in carbon content and are notable for their hardenability via heat treatment methods such as quenching or quenching and tempering
Duplex Stainless Steel
Duplex stainless steel combines the qualities of both austenitic and ferritic steels, typically comprising about 50% ferrite and at least 30% austenite. This variety is also known for being nickel-efficient. With low carbon levels, it generally contains 18% to 28% chromium and 3% to 10% nickel. Duplex stainless steel may also include elements like Mo, Cu, Nb, Ti, and N
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